Loss of Appetite — Causes and When to Investigate
Also described as not feeling hungry, reduced appetite, anorexia.
A short-lived drop in appetite during an illness is expected. Appetite loss lasting more than two to three weeks, especially with weight loss, warrants investigation — the causes range from depression and thyroid disease to gastrointestinal and malignant conditions, and the useful ones are found on basic tests.
🚨 Get emergency care if you have
- •Unintentional weight loss alongside the appetite loss
- •Feeling full after only a few mouthfuls
- •Difficulty swallowing, or persistent vomiting
- •Jaundice, or a lump in the abdomen
- •Night sweats or persistent low-grade fever
What causes loss of appetite?
Depression
One of the commonest causes, with low mood, poor sleep and loss of interest.
Thyroid disease
Both overactive and underactive thyroid alter appetite and weight.
Chronic infection
Tuberculosis in particular, with evening fever, night sweats and weight loss.
Gastric or pancreatic disease
Early fullness, upper abdominal discomfort or jaundice.
Medication and chronic illness
Many drugs, and kidney or liver disease, blunt appetite.
How it is investigated
- ✓Full blood count, thyroid, liver and kidney function
- ✓Blood sugar and inflammatory markers
- ✓Chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasound
- ✓Endoscopy where upper gastrointestinal symptoms are present
Not every patient needs every test. The consultation decides which of these apply to you.
Frequently asked questions
How much weight loss is concerning?▼
Losing more than 5% of body weight over six to twelve months without trying — around 3.5 kg in a 70 kg adult — is the usual threshold for investigation, and sooner if there are other symptoms.
Can stress cause appetite loss?▼
Yes, and depression and anxiety are among the most frequent explanations. That does not mean tests are unnecessary: a basic screen excludes thyroid disease, infection, anaemia and liver or kidney problems, all of which can present the same way.
This page is general health information, not a diagnosis or a substitute for a consultation. Symptoms overlap between harmless and serious conditions, and only an examination can tell them apart. If you are worried, see a doctor.
Plan your first visit
Not sure which specialist to see? Tell our care team the reason for your visit and we will help you choose.
- Bring previous prescriptions, relevant test reports or scan images, a medication list and photo ID.
- If you plan to use insurance, bring your policy details. OPD, tests and admission benefits depend on your individual plan and approval.
- Your first consultation determines which tests or treatments are needed; not everyone needs every test listed on this page.
Appointments are requests until confirmed. In a medical emergency, call 044 2025 2025 or go to the nearest emergency department.