Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism means the thyroid gland in the neck does not make enough thyroid hormone. This hormone controls how the body uses energy, so when levels are low, many body processes slow down. Symptoms usually come on gradually and can be vague: tiredness, weight gain, feeling cold, constipation, dry skin, thinning hair, low mood, slowed thinking and heavier or irregular periods. Because these are easy to blame on stress or ageing, hypothyroidism can go unnoticed for a long time. It is more common in women and becomes more common with age. A common cause is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks the thyroid. Untreated hypothyroidism can affect cholesterol, heart health, fertility and pregnancy. It is diagnosed with a simple blood test and is usually treated with a daily thyroid hormone tablet, with the dose adjusted according to regular blood tests.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
- Fatigue
- Weight gain
- Cold intolerance
- Depression
Causes and risk factors of Hypothyroidism
- Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
- Thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine treatment
- Iodine deficiency or, less often, excess iodine
- Certain medicines such as lithium and amiodarone
- Problems with the pituitary gland (less common)
- Thyroid problems present from birth (congenital hypothyroidism)
How Hypothyroidism is diagnosed
- TSH blood test
- Free T4 (and sometimes T3) blood test
- Thyroid antibody test (anti-TPO)
- Ultrasound of the neck if the thyroid is enlarged or lumpy
When to see a doctor for Hypothyroidism
For severe, sudden or rapidly worsening symptoms, do not wait for an appointment callback. Seek emergency care. For a routine concern, our care team can help you choose the appropriate specialist. This page cannot diagnose your symptoms.
Treatment for Hypothyroidism at Iswarya Hospital
Comprehensive management of Type 1 & Type 2 diabetes, thyroid disorders, hormonal imbalances, and metabolic conditions by experienced diabetologists and endocrinologists at Iswarya Hospital OMR, Chennai.
General Medicine specialists for Hypothyroidism
MBBS, MD (General Medicine), PG Dip (Diabetes), MBA (Hospital Management)
10+ Years Experience
Hypothyroidism FAQs
Will I need thyroid tablets for life?
Often yes, especially when the cause is autoimmune or the thyroid has been removed. Some temporary forms, such as after childbirth or a viral infection, can recover, so your doctor will review this with blood tests.
How should I take my thyroid tablet?
It is usually taken on an empty stomach, at the same time each day, with water. Calcium, iron and some antacids can reduce absorption, so ask your doctor about timing if you take these.
Can hypothyroidism affect pregnancy?
Yes. Thyroid hormone is important for the baby's development, and needs often change in pregnancy. If you have hypothyroidism and are planning a pregnancy or are pregnant, see your doctor early for testing and a dose review.
Does hypothyroidism cause weight gain?
It can cause modest weight gain, partly from fluid retention, which often improves with treatment. Large or rapid weight gain usually has other causes that are worth discussing with your doctor.
ℹ️ This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
Plan your first visit
Not sure which specialist to see? Tell our care team the reason for your visit and we will help you choose.
- Bring previous prescriptions, relevant test reports or scan images, a medication list and photo ID.
- If you plan to use insurance, bring your policy details. OPD, tests and admission benefits depend on your individual plan and approval.
- Your first consultation determines which tests or treatments are needed; not everyone needs every test listed on this page.
Appointments are requests until confirmed. In a medical emergency, call 044 2025 2025 or go to the nearest emergency department.