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Parkinson's Disease
What is Parkinson's Disease? Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological condition that mainly affects movement. It happens when nerve cells in a part of the brain that produces dopamine, a chemical messenger that helps control movement, are gradually lost. At Iswarya Hospital, OMR Chennai, our Neurology specialists diagnose and treat it.
The main signs are slowness of movement, stiffness and a tremor that is often most noticeable at rest, usually starting on one side of the body. Over time, walking may become shuffling, balance may worsen and handwriting can become small. Many people also have non-movement symptoms, sometimes years before diagnosis, such as loss of smell, constipation, sleep problems, low mood and anxiety, and later memory difficulties. Parkinson's usually starts after the age of 60 but can begin earlier. It is not contagious. There is no cure yet, but medicines, physiotherapy, speech therapy and, for selected people, deep brain stimulation can help people stay active and independent for longer.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Deepa Avadhani, Senior Consultant Neurologist · Updated 9 October 2026
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease?
- Tremors
- Rigidity
- Slow movement
- Balance problems
What causes Parkinson's Disease?
- Gradual loss of dopamine-producing nerve cells; the exact cause is unknown
- Increasing age
- Male sex
- Family history or specific gene changes (a minority of cases)
- Long-term exposure to some pesticides and chemicals
- Repeated head injury
How is Parkinson's Disease diagnosed?
- Clinical examination by a neurologist (there is no single blood test)
- Response to Parkinson's medicine, which can support the diagnosis
- MRI of the brain to rule out other conditions
- Specialised scans such as a DaTscan in uncertain cases
When should you see a doctor for Parkinson's Disease?
For severe, sudden or rapidly worsening symptoms, do not wait for an appointment callback. Seek emergency care. For a routine concern, our care team can help you choose the appropriate specialist. This page cannot diagnose your symptoms.
How is Parkinson's Disease treated at Iswarya Hospital?
Trusted expertise and global-standard neurological care, covering both neurology and neurosurgery for a wide range of brain and spine conditions.
- → Craniotomy
- → Deep Brain Stimulation
- → Microdiscectomy
- → Spine Surgery
- → Laminectomy (Spinal Decompression)
- → Spinal Fusion
Neurology specialists for Parkinson's Disease
MBBS, MD (General Medicine), DM (Neurology), PGDRM, FEBN, FNOH, FIHN
15+ years Experience
Frequently asked questions about Parkinson's Disease
Is every tremor Parkinson's disease?
No. Essential tremor, anxiety, an overactive thyroid, caffeine and some medicines can also cause shaking. A neurologist can tell the difference by examining the pattern of the tremor and other signs.
Can Parkinson's disease be cured?
Not yet. However, medicines can greatly improve symptoms, and exercise and therapy help with balance, walking and speech. Treatment is adjusted over time as needs change.
Is Parkinson's inherited?
Most people with Parkinson's do not have a clear family history. A small proportion of cases are linked to specific genes, more often when the disease starts at a young age.
When should I see a neurologist?
See a neurologist if you notice a tremor at rest, stiffness, slowed movements, smaller handwriting or frequent falls. Seek urgent care if someone with Parkinson's suddenly becomes confused, cannot swallow safely or is injured in a fall.
Sources and further reading
Related guides
ℹ️ This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
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