Dialysis (Haemodialysis)
Haemodialysis is a process that uses a dialysis machine and a special filter (dialyser, or artificial kidney) to clean the blood when the kidneys can no longer do so adequately. Blood is drawn from the patient through a vascular access (AV fistula, graft, or catheter), passed through the dialyser where waste products and excess fluid are removed, and returned to the body. Sessions are typically 3–4 hours, three times per week. Iswarya Hospital's modern Dialysis Centre offers individual monitoring by expert nephrologists.
How Dialysis (Haemodialysis) is performed
- 1
The patient sits or lies in a reclining chair; the vascular access is prepared.
- 2
Two needles are inserted into the AV fistula or graft (or the dialysis catheter is connected).
- 3
Blood flows through tubing to the dialysis machine.
- 4
Inside the dialyser, waste and extra fluid are removed across a semi-permeable membrane.
- 5
The cleaned blood is returned to the body continuously throughout the session.
- 6
After ~4 hours, needles are removed and the site is compressed to stop bleeding.
Benefits of Dialysis (Haemodialysis)
- ✓Lifesaving — removes toxic waste products that accumulate in kidney failure
- ✓Controls fluid balance and blood pressure
- ✓Corrects electrolyte imbalances (potassium, phosphate)
- ✓Reduces symptoms of uraemia: fatigue, nausea, and fluid retention
- ✓Provides a bridge to kidney transplantation
Preparing for Dialysis (Haemodialysis)
- A vascular access (AV fistula) is surgically created 4–6 weeks before starting dialysis to allow it to mature.
- Dietary restrictions: limit potassium (bananas, tomatoes), phosphate (dairy), and fluid intake.
- Take all prescribed medications — blood pressure tablets, phosphate binders, iron, etc.
- Wear comfortable, loose-sleeved clothing on dialysis days to access the fistula.
Risks and side effects of Dialysis (Haemodialysis)
- Low blood pressure (hypotension) during or after dialysis — most common side effect
- Muscle cramps, especially near the end of sessions
- Infections at the vascular access site
- Anaemia — managed with erythropoietin injections
- Access complications: clotting of AV fistula or catheter
Your surgeon will discuss all risks with you before the procedure and take appropriate precautions to minimise them.
Recovery after Dialysis (Haemodialysis)
- Weigh yourself daily; report sudden weight gains (excess fluid) to the nephrology team.
- Follow the recommended dietary and fluid restrictions between sessions.
- Take care of the AV fistula: keep it clean, check for a thrill (vibration) daily.
- Keep all scheduled dialysis appointments — missing sessions is dangerous.
- Discuss kidney transplant evaluation with your nephrologist.
Dialysis (Haemodialysis) FAQs
Is dialysis a permanent treatment?
For patients with end-stage kidney disease, dialysis is a long-term treatment. However, it is ideally a bridge to kidney transplantation, which offers a better quality of life and is a more definitive solution.
Can I travel while on dialysis?
Yes, with planning. Dialysis can be arranged at partner centres in most Indian cities and many international destinations. Notify our dialysis team well in advance.
What is the difference between haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)?
Haemodialysis filters blood through a machine 3 times a week. Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen as a natural filter and can be done at home every day. Your nephrologist will recommend the best option.
Dialysis (Haemodialysis) at Iswarya Hospital
Exceptional clinical skills in both preventive and interventional nephrology, including renal transplantation. Led by Dr. Muthu Kumar P., Head of the Department.
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ℹ️ This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Individual treatment plans may vary. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any medical decisions.