Brain tumour surgery is a major milestone — but recovery is a journey. Here's what patients and families need to know about the weeks, months, and years ahead.

Brain tumour surgery (craniotomy) is one of the most complex procedures in modern medicine. The recovery process is gradual, and outcomes depend on the tumour location, type, and the patient's overall health.

Immediately After Surgery (ICU / Hospital)

Monitored in ICU for 24–48 hours

Neurological checks every hour (responsiveness, pupil reaction, limb movement)

IV medications including steroids (dexamethasone) to reduce brain swelling

Pain managed with IV analgesics

Drain (if placed) removed within 24–48 hours

Most patients move to a regular ward within 1–2 days

Hospital Stay

Typically 5–7 days. Before discharge you will:

Have a post-operative MRI or CT scan

Begin physiotherapy and occupational therapy if needed

Receive wound care instructions

Be given a schedule for follow-up and further treatment (radiation, chemotherapy) if required

Short-Term Recovery (Weeks 1–4)

Common experiences:

Fatigue — the most universal complaint; rest when needed

Headache — managed with prescribed medication

Scalp numbness or tingling around the wound

Mood changes — depression and anxiety are common and treatable

Hair loss around the incision site (hair regrows in 3–6 months)

Swelling and bruising around the eye on the operated side (usually resolves in 1–2 weeks)

Rehabilitation

Depending on the tumour's location, you may need:

Physiotherapy — for weakness, balance, or walking difficulties

Speech therapy — for language or swallowing problems

Occupational therapy — for activities of daily living

Neuropsychological support — for cognitive difficulties (memory, concentration)

Seizure management — anti-epileptic medication if seizures occurred

Long-Term Recovery (Months 1–12)

Most improvement happens in the first 3–6 months

Cognitive recovery (memory, concentration) continues for up to 12–18 months

Return to work depends on the type of job — desk work often possible at 4–8 weeks; physically demanding work may take 3–6 months

Driving is usually restricted for 6–12 months (or until seizure-free for the required period)

Emotional Wellbeing

Brain tumour diagnosis and surgery are deeply challenging. Support from:

Counsellors or psychologists specialising in neuro-oncology

Patient support groups

Family and social networks

Follow-Up Schedule

MRI brain every 3–6 months for the first 2 years

Annual MRI thereafter for benign tumours

Oncology follow-up for malignant tumours (GBM, glioma)

Iswarya Hospital's Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology, and Rehabilitation teams work together to support patients throughout the recovery journey.

Life After Brain Tumour Surgery: Recovery, Rehab and What to Expect